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What is Biology? Exciting discoveries in the field of biology

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1. What is Biology?


Biology is a word in the list of English dictionaries that when translated into Vietnamese it is used to mean biology or in education it is used to name a subject.biology). The concept of biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms including physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, development and evolution. Biology always associated with Chemistryphysics to research, discover and create applications in life.


Biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life, the gene as the basic unit of heredity, and evolution as the driving force behind the creation and extinction of a species. Living organisms and open systems survive by energy conversion and local entropy reduction to maintain a stable and crucially defined state of homeostasis.


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The sub-disciplines of biology defined by the research methods used and the type of systems studied are theoretical biology that uses mathematical methods to form quantitative models in real experimental biology perform experimental experiments to test the validity of proposed theories and understand the mechanisms of life and how it emerged and evolved from non-living matter about 4 billion years ago through the gradual increase in system complexity.


In biology, it is divided into many different branches built on 4 separate principles, namely, theory of health, evolution, genetics and homeostasis, specifically:


Cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life, that all living things are composed of one or more cells, and that all cells arise from pre-existing cells. through cell division. Accordingly, with multicellular organisms, every cell in the organism's body originates from a cell in the egg and is then fertilized. The cell is considered the basic unit in many pathological processes.


Evolution: The theory of evolution holds that all organisms on earth, living or extinct, are descended from a common ancestor or a group of ancestral genes. Evolution is related to an understanding of the natural history of life forms and an understanding of the organization of present life forms. But, those organizations can only be understood in terms of how they were formed by the process of evolution. Therefore, evolution is central to all areas of biology.


– Heredity: Gene is the main unit of inheritance in all organisms. A gene is a unit of heredity and corresponds to a piece of DNA that affects the form or function of an organism in specific ways. All organisms, from bacteria to animals, share the same basic machinery that copies and converts DNA into proteins. Cells transcribe a DNA gene into an RNA version of the gene, and the ribosome then converts the RNA into a sequence of amino acids called proteins. The translation from RNA codon to amino acid is the same for most organisms. The genetic information in the genome is stored in the genes, and the complete set of this information in an organism is called its genotype.


– Homeostasis: Homeostasis is the ability of an open system to regulate its internal environment, maintaining stable conditions by means of a variety of methods of dynamic balance adjustment controlled by the internal organs. related conditioning. All living organisms, whether unicellular or multicellular, exhibit homeostasis.



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2. What is Molecular biology?


Molecular biology is molecular biology, a branch of English that refers to the study of biology at the molecular level. This field is like other fields of biology and chemistry, especially genetics and biochemistry.


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Molecular biology is primarily concerned with understanding the interactions between various cellular systems, including the interrelationships between DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, and understanding how these interactions are regulated. . In molecular biology, genetic material is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins, which, although a simple picture of molecular biology, still provides a good starting point for understanding about molecular biology. this field. Much of the work in molecular biology is quantitative, and more recently much work has been done at the interface of molecular biology and computer science in bioinformatics and computational biology.


3. What is marine biology?


Marine biology translates to marine biology, the study of marine organisms, their behavior, activities and interactions with the environment. Marine biologists who study ocean surface and bottom habitats are those who are trained in biology and marine related fields in chemistry, physics, and geology to understand marine organisms. .


Marine biology is a very broad area, so most researchers choose a particular area of ​​interest and specialize in it. Majors can be based on a specific species, group, behavior, technique, or ecosystem. In this area is also related to molecular biology, researchers apply molecular techniques to a variety of environments, from coastal marshes to the deep sea and to organisms as diverse as viruses, plants and fish.



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4. What is Synthetic biology?


A new interdisciplinary field that deals with the application of engineering principles to biology is the concept of synthetic biology. It aims to re-engineer and fabricate biological components and systems that do not yet exist in the natural world. Synthetic biology combines chemical synthesis of DNA with growing genomic knowledge to enable researchers to rapidly generate cataloged DNA sequences and fit them into new genomes.


Synthetic biologists are working to develop:


– Standardized Biological Parts – identifies and catalogs standardized gene parts that can be used (and synthesized rapidly) to build new biological systems


– Applied Protein Reconstruction – reconstructing existing biological components and expanding the set of natural protein functions for new processes


– Natural product synthesis – bacteria to produce all the enzymes and biological functions necessary to carry out the production of many complex natural products


– Synthetic genomics – 'simple' design and construction of a genome for a natural bacterium


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In addition, synthetic biologists use advanced technology to build living systems often using skills gained by training in many fields. Scientists work on synthetic biology projects using approaches from disciplines such as biotechnology, genetic engineering, molecular biology, molecular engineering, systems biology, membrane science, physiology, electrical and biological engineering, electrical and computer engineering, control engineering, and evolutionary biology. Synthetic biology applies these disciplines to build artificial biological systems for research, engineering, and medical applications.


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5. What is Computational biology?


Is mathematical biology a science that answers the question How can we learn and use models of biological systems built from experimental measurements? These models can describe the biological tasks performed by specific sequences of nucleic acids or peptides, which genes when expressed induce a phenotype or behavior, sequences that change gene or protein expression, or internal localization leads to a specific disease, and changes in cellular organization influence cellular behavior.


Mathematical biology is a very broad discipline in that it seeks to build models for different types of experimental data and it uses methods from a wide range of mathematical and computational fields.


In addition to the words explained in detail above, there are some other phrases related to Biology but are less mentioned and have a lower popularity, so Timviec365.vn only explains their Vietnamese meanings. Specifically with questions about words:


– What is cell biology? Cell biology is a branch of biology that studies the structure and function of cells, the basic unit of life.


– What is human biology? Human biology is an interdisciplinary field of study that examines humans through the influences and interactions of various fields such as genetics, evolution, physiology, anatomy, epidemiology, anthropology, ecology, nutrition, population genetics, and sociocultural influences


– What is behavioral biology? Is behavioral biology a major interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary field for those wishing to study the natural and social sciences related to human and animal behavior.


– What is Molecular Cell Biology? Where the three sciences meet: biochemistry, cell biology and genetics, collectively known as molecular cell biology. This field explores the relationships between cellular processes and responses, macromolecules, and the pathways that control genes to answer many scientific questions.


To accompany Biology, there are many other specialized words in this biology that need you to show your curiosity. If the word discovery is not available, Timviec365.vn can suggest you some words like What is Ap biology? What is Campbell biology? What is modern biology? and what is Reproductive biology?


With the interesting information that Timviec365.vn has discovered above, it not only helps you to interpret What is Biology? but also give you more knowledge in the field of biology. Hope you have found yourself a useful and necessary source of knowledge to serve you at the present time.


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Diệp Quân
Nguyen Manh Cuong is the author and founder of the vmwareplayerfree blog. With over 14 years of experience in Online Marketing, he now runs a number of successful websites, and occasionally shares his experience & knowledge on this blog.
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