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Shingles (shingles) is the result of a reactivation of the herpes zoster virus (varicella-zoster virus or VZV). This virus is also the causative agent of chickenpox in children.

Shingles (shingles) is the result of a reactivation of the herpes zoster virus (varicella-zoster virus or VZV). This virus is also the causative agent of chickenpox in children. The chickenpox virus resides in the body in a dormant state inside the sensory nerves. The virus will "wake up" after causing chickenpox many years ago in the body of 1 out of 5 people who have had chickenpox. The virus then travels along sensory nerves into the skin and creates a painful rash known as shingles.

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Shingles in English is Shingles derived from Latin and French meaning belt, belt, reflecting the distribution of the rash. These bands are usually only on one side of the body and in the innervation of a single sensory nerve.

Anyone who has ever had chickenpox or received the vaccine can get Herpes Zoter, which causes shingles. Older adults, people with cancer, HIV or have had a tissue transplant should have reduced resistance to infection, and therefore are more susceptible to shingles.

Most people with shingles are healthy. There is no need to use specific tests if your immune system is healthy.

I. CAUSE OF DISEASE:

No one knows exactly why the chickenpox virus can reactivate and cause shingles. A few possibilities are:

Stress

Tired

Weakened immune system (it can be due to age, illness, medications that reduce the body's resistance to keep the chickenpox virus inactive).

Cancer.

Radiation treatments.

Injury to the area of the rash skin

II. SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE:

Depending on which nerves are affected, shingles can appear in many different areas of the body

The first symptom of shingles is usually increased skin sensation or pain on one side of the body. Skin sensations that may be experienced are itching, tightness, burning, persistent aching or deep, sharp pain.

Usually, 1-3 days after the pain appears, the rash will appear, red, and bulge at the site of pain. It then collects pus and scabs over 10-12 days.

After 2 to 3 weeks, the rash will disappear and the scabs will fall off and may leave a scar.

When to see a doctor? See your doctor when you have pain or a banded rash on one side of your body. If you think you have shingles, see your doctor as soon as possible because antiviral drugs are only effective when taken early.

If a rash and blisters develop on your nose or near your eyes, you need to see a doctor right away because the virus can spread to your eyes, damaging your eyes and causing blindness.

You also need to see a doctor as soon as possible if you have a disease that weakens the body's immunity. This way you can avoid complications.

Go to the emergency room if you have these signs:

Shingles with high fever or fatigue.

The blister spreads to other areas of the body.

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Clinical and subclinical Classic pain, a raised blister on one side of the body, are all signs that are necessary for your doctor to diagnose you with Herpes Zoster. The rash may spread beyond this band or, more rarely, to the other side of the body. Sometimes the patient only pain in 1 band without seeing the rash.

Your doctor may decide to do tests to determine if you have shingles. However, these tests are not always necessary.

Tzanck smear: is less commonly used now than in the past because new techniques have emerged, where the blister is made and the fluid and skin cells in it are removed and placed on the slide. Then stain with a special dye and then put it on a microscope to look for changes in cells caused by the virus. This method cannot distinguish between VZV and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), but VZV causes shingles and chickenpox and HSV causes Herpes simplex (sometimes commonly known as Lip Herpes or Genital Herpes. sex).

Viral culture or a specific antibody test, such as DFA (direct fluorescent antibody), in the lesion can identify VZV. DFA usually gives results in 1 hour. This test can help differentiate between VZV and HSV. Viral culture can give results in 2 weeks or more.

Skin biopsy: taking a piece of skin from a lesion and examining it under a microscope. Biopsy may be used for implantation if there is no intact lesion. In addition, one can also use PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to detect viral DNA in biopsied tissue samples.

III. Incubation Process:

Before the redness is visible, the patient may experience burning sensation and skin sensitivity several days to a week before. Shingles begins as blisters (blisters) on a red background, new blisters continue to form for 3-5 days. These blisters usually follow the nerves of the spinal cord.

Entire nerves involved may be affected, or other areas not involved in nerve distribution may also be affected. Usually shingles feeds on only one nerve, rarely more than one nerve.

Eventually the blisters break open and begin to ooze, the upper surface drying and scarring. This process can take 3-4 weeks from the beginning of the illness to the time it is cured. Occasionally, pain persists even though vesicles are never visible, confusing it with a local cause of pain.

IV. TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE:

Shingles can be passed from an infected person to children or adults who have not previously had chickenpox. Instead of shingles, these people got chickenpox. Once these people have had chickenpox, they will not get shingles from others.

However, once infected with shingles, they are more likely to get shingles later in life. Once all the blisters have dried, they are no longer contagious.

V. Complications of Rona Nervous Disease

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Often shingles is cured, and shingles presents some problems as well. However, if, for some reason, the blisters become infected with an additional germ that will cause cellulitis, which is a skin infection. If a skin infection occurs, the area of the skin becomes redder, hot, swollen, and very painful.

You may also see a red streak around the wound. If you notice any of these symptoms, contact your doctor for care. Antibiotics may be used to treat these cases.

Another complication that also makes patients worry is when they have shingles on the face, especially on the forehead and nose. In these cases, shingles can cause vision loss. If you have shingles on your forehead or nose, you also need medical attention.

BECAUSE. How to treat RONA Nervous Disease:

At home: If you think you have shingles, see your doctor as soon as possible, as antivirals are only effective when taken early.

Do not scratch as this can increase the risk of secondary infection and possibly scarring. Antihistamines can help relieve itching.

Painkillers are sometimes needed/

Use a cold compress to apply cold water to the oozing lesion for about 20 minutes, about 7, 8 times a day to relieve pain and dry the wound. It also helps remove scabs and reduces the chance of infection. Stop using compression bandages when the wound is dry to prevent the surrounding skin from becoming dry and itchy.

Keep the affected area clean with mild soap and water. Wear loose clothing to avoid further injury when the clothing comes in contact with the lesion. Avoid skin-to-skin contact with people who have never had chickenpox, are sick, or have weakened immune systems.

Use medicine:

Some doctors only treat symptoms of shingles such as pain. Several pain relievers are used, such as acetaminophen (eg Tylenol), and ibuprofen (eg Advil) or tricyclic pain relievers, especially in the case of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). PHN is pain that persists in some people even after the lesion has disappeared.

Antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir (Zovirax), valacyclovir (Valtrex), and famciclovir (Famvir), can reduce the duration of rash and pain, including PHN. These drugs need to be started in the early stages of the disease to be effective. Your doctor will decide which medicine you need to use.

Sometimes, topical corticosteroids can be used to reduce inflammation. Local medications can be used to relieve pain and prevent infection.

Follow After leaving the doctor's office, it is important to take all prescribed medications and follow the instructions exactly. If you notice new symptoms or if you cannot control the pain or itching, tell your doctor. Preventive There is no way to prevent Zona.

You cannot get the disease from someone who has shingles. However, if you have never had chickenpox, you can get chickenpox from close contact with open sores in people with shingles. Covering the wound with clothing helps reduce the risk of spreading it to others.

The VZV vaccine, also known as the chickenpox vaccine, can reduce the risk of shingles by increasing the body's resistance to VZV or keeping it inactive. Improvements to this vaccine are being studied and may help prevent shingles in the future.

Prognosis Most cases of shingles go away on their own with or without treatment. The rash and pain may go away in 2 to 3 weeks. However, the disease can persist for a long time and even recur in people who are older, especially over 50 years of age, or have serious illnesses.

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